In my experience in these sort of circumstances, there may be 3 key areas to look at :
Codecs
software conflict
hardware
It might be worthwhile to boot into safe mode, set the screen res to over the minimum for PD (1024 x 768, 16-bit color or above), load PD, load Richvideo when asked, and then try the same render trials.
If that works, then it probably points to a driver/software conflict that is loaded later in full mode??
Do you have any codec pack installed? Problems can be experienced with some codec packs, however mostly it seems Klite may work OK and ffdshow often cures some issues but there are different experiences reported. I have worked with Shark007 codec pack in the past.
As HDedit pointed out sometimes the latest video drivers manage to break PD so it may be better to revert back to an earlier release.
Personally, over the last 2 years, I have experienced problems exposed by PD with a new mobo, that were cured by another mobo, a software conflict with a vendor pre-loaded TSR (cloud web storage), that prevented Windows Explorer working properly (hence PD crashing), and a vendor pre-loaded diagnostic program that produced audio clicks on my videos!
Cheers
Adrian
Life is really simple, but we insist on making it complicated. (see below)
Confucius
AMD Phenom IIX6 1055T, win10, 5 internal drives, 7 usb drives, struggling power supply.